1. Social Interaction and Reality
•Social Structure: The product of human agency, social structures express the fact that what people intend should never be confused with what results.
- The Cambridge Dictionary of Sociology P587
Social structure refers to the way society is organized into predictable relationships.
Q. How do we define our social reality?
People can reconstruct the social reality through:
- a process of internal change
- taking a different view of everyday behavior
- negotiation
2. Elements of Social Structure
Examine social predictable social relationships
From the following five elements
- Status- Social role
- Groups
- Social Networks
- Social Institutions
Status
Status refers to any of the socially defined positions within a large group or society.
A person holds more than one status simultaneously.
e.g. president, daughter, student, neighbor
Ascribed Status:
Achieved Status:
Master Status:
- is given by others
- feel it as most important
- can be based on any status It shapes person’s life! (positive either negative)
- can be an element to your identity that others would not realize simply by looking at you
- come with sense of prestige. The consensus from the community around them that a status is to be desired.
- on the other hand, when a status is seen as undesirable, the status may be stigmatized.
- does not coordinate with persons
Q. In what case, ascribed status become an obstacle of gaining certain achieved status?
3. The Role of Socialization
Social Roles is sets of expectations for people who occupy a given status.
Social Roles is sets of expectations for people who occupy a given status.
Role Conflict:
Role conflict is the challenge of occupying two social positions simultaneously.
Role conflict is the challenge of occupying two social positions simultaneously.
Role Strain:
Role strain describes the difficulties that result from the differing demands and expectations associated with the same social position.
Role strain describes the difficulties that result from the differing demands and expectations associated with the same social position.
Role Exit:
Role Exit describes the process of disengagement from a role that is central to one’s identity, and the establishment of a new role.
Role Exit describes the process of disengagement from a role that is central to one’s identity, and the establishment of a new role.
Group(s):
is any number of people with similar norms, values, and expectations who interact with each other on a regular basis.
Every society is composed of many groups in which daily social interaction takes place.
include those groups who interact electronically.
is any number of people with similar norms, values, and expectations who interact with each other on a regular basis.
Every society is composed of many groups in which daily social interaction takes place.
include those groups who interact electronically.
• Schaefer, Richard T. 2004. Sociology, 9th edition New York: McGraw Hill, Inc.
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