Monogamy
Monogamy is a form of marriage in which one woman and one man are married only to each other.
Serial Monogamy
Serial monogamy is when a person has several spouses in his or her lifetime, but only one spouse at a time.
Polygamy
Polygamy is a form of marriage allowing an individual to have several husbands or wives simultaneously.
Polygyny
Polygyny, a type of polygamy, is the marriage of a man to more than one woman at a time.
Polyandry
Polyandry, a type of polygamy, is the marriage of a woman to more than one husband at the same time.
(Tibet, Toda tribe in South India, Marquesas Islands in Polynesia )
Composition: What Is the Family?
Nuclear Family
The nuclear family is the nucleus or core upon which larger family groups are built.
Extended Family
An extended family is a family in which relatives such as grandparents, aunts, or uncles live in the same home as parents and their children.
Where do you live?- Patterns of marital residence
Patrilocal residence: The married couple lives with or near the husband’s parents
Matrilocal residence: The married couple lives with or near the wife’s parents
Bilocal residence : The married couple lives with or near the husband’s or the wife’s parents
Avunculocal residence : Both son and daughter normally leave, but the son and his wife settle with or near his mother’s brother.
Neolocal residence : Husband and wife live apart from relatives of either spouse.
Duolocal residence : Husband and wife stay in their houses. Only night time, s/he visits spouse's house.
Uxiori-virilocal residence : First few years, husband stays in wife’s house. They move to husband’ s house and live permanently.
Duo-virilocal residence : Husband visit wife only night for few years after marriage. Wife moves to husband’s house later.
Kinship Patterns: To Whom Are We Related?
Kinship: Kinship is the state of being related to others.
Bilateral Descent
Both sides of a person’s family are regarded as equally important.
Patrilineal descent
In patrilineal descent, only the father’s relatives are important.
Matrilineal descent
In matrilineal descent, only the mother’s relatives are significant.
Authority Patterns: Who Rules?
Patriarchy
When males are expected to dominate in all family decision making, that society is a patriarchy.
Matriarchy
When women have greater authority than men, that society is a matriarchy.
Egalitarian family
A family in which spouses are regarded as equals.
Mate Selection
Aspects of Mate Selection
Exogamy: Exogamy requires mate selection outside certain groups.
Endogamy: Endogamy specifies the groups within which a spouse must be found and prohibits marriage with members of other groups.
Levirate marriage : a man is obliged to marry his brother’s widow.
e.g. Chukchee of Siberia, levirate obliges the next oldest brother to become the successor husband.
Sororate marriage : a woman is obliged to marry to her deceased sister’s husband.